India’s climate is very different in different places because the country is big, has many types of land, and is in a special location. The climate is mostly called a monsoon type because the winds change direction with the seasons and bring rain. In India, you can find many kinds of weather, like very hot and dry deserts in Rajasthan and very cold mountain weather in the Himalayas. Scientists use Koeppen’s climate classification to group different climates in India and the world. The MCQs here will help you learn about India’s climate, the changing seasons, and how climates are classified.
The climate of India is described as which type, characterized by seasonal reversal of winds that bring rainfall to the Indian subcontinent?
a) Mediterranean type
b) Equatorial type
c) Monsoon type
d) Tundra type
Answer: c) Monsoon type
In the Northern Plains of India, how does rainfall generally vary from east to west?
a) It increases from west to east
b) It decreases from east to west
c) It remains constant throughout
d) It is highest in the central plains
Answer: b) It decreases from east to west
Which of the following regions of India does not have a well-defined winter season, with hardly any noticeable seasonal temperature change in winters?
a) Himalayan region
b) Desert region
c) Peninsular region
d) Northern plains
Answer: c) Peninsular region
Why do coastal areas in India experience less contrast in temperature conditions compared to interiors?
a) Because of higher altitude
b) Because seas absorb and release heat slowly
c) Because of dense vegetation
d) Because of desert winds
Answer: b) Because seas absorb and release heat slowly
Which Indian state records higher annual range of temperature due to continental climate, being far away from the moderating influence of the ocean?
a) Kerala
b) Rajasthan
c) Tamil Nadu
d) West Bengal
Answer: b) Rajasthan
In the Thar Desert, what is the approximate temperature difference between day and night during peak summers?
a) 20°C to 25°C
b) 15°C to 20°C
c) 35°C to 40°C
d) 30°C to 35°C
Answer: b) 15°C to 20°C
Which Indian island group experiences hardly any temperature difference between day and night throughout the year?
a) Lakshadweep Islands
b) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
c) Maldives
d) Sri Lanka
Answer: b) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Dras, known as the coldest place in India and second coldest inhabited place on Earth, records winter temperatures as low as:
a) –10°C
b) –20°C
c) –30°C
d) –45°C
Answer: d) –45°C
In Northern India during the cold season, days are warm and nights are cold, but which additional effect occurs due to decrease in temperature?
a) Heavy rainfall
b) Severe thunderstorms
c) Frost formation
d) Volcanic activity
Answer: c) Frost formation
Which of the following explains why coastal places in India have moderate climate throughout the year?
a) Specific heat of water is high
b) Altitude is high
c) Proximity to equator
d) Dense forests influence
Answer: a) Specific heat of water is high
Seasons in India
According to the Hindu calendar, the Winter Season (Shishir Ritu) corresponds to which months?
a) Magha and Phalguna
b) Chaitra and Baisakh
c) Ashwin and Kartik
d) Jyeshta and Aashaadha
Answer: a) Magha and Phalguna
Which months represent the Summer Season in India, known as Jyeshta and Aashaadha in the Hindu calendar?
a) March–April
b) May–June
c) July–August
d) September–October
Answer: b) May–June
The Rainy Season in India is represented by which Hindu calendar months?
a) Shravana and Bhadrapada
b) Agrahayana and Pausha
c) Magha and Phalguna
d) Chaitra and Baisakh
Answer: a) Shravana and Bhadrapada
Which two Hindu calendar months represent the Spring Season in India?
a) Ashwin and Kartik
b) Chaitra and Baisakh
c) Margashira and Pausha
d) Magha and Phalguna
Answer: b) Chaitra and Baisakh
In India, Autumn season is observed in which months?
a) March–April
b) November–December
c) September–November
d) January–February
Answer: c) September–November
The Pre-winter (Hemant Ritu) season in India is represented by which Hindu calendar months?
a) Agrahayana and Pausha
b) Shravana and Bhadrapada
c) Magha and Phalguna
d) Chaitra and Baisakh
Answer: a) Agrahayana and Pausha
Koeppen’s Classification
In Koeppen’s classification, Amw climate (Monsoon with short dry winter) is found mainly in which region of India?
a) Western coastal region south of Goa
b) Rajasthan Desert
c) Northern plains
d) Eastern Himalayas
Answer: a) Western coastal region south of Goa
The As type of monsoon climate, characterized by dry summers and rainy winters, is geographically located in which part of India?
a) Rajasthan desert
b) Coromandel coast of Tamil Nadu
c) Western Himalayas
d) Punjab plains
Answer: b) Coromandel coast of Tamil Nadu
The Aw climate (Tropical Savanna type) in India is marked by which characteristic?
a) Rainfall throughout the year
b) Dry winters with rainfall during southwest monsoon
c) Heavy snowfall in winters
d) Desert conditions
Answer: b) Dry winters with rainfall during southwest monsoon
Which Koeppen type of climate is found in northwestern Gujarat, parts of western Rajasthan, and Punjab with vegetation of fodder grasses?
a) Bshw (Semi-arid steppe type)
b) Bwhw (Hot desert type)
c) Amw (Monsoon with short dry winter)
d) Dfc (Cold humid winter with short summer)
Answer: a) Bshw (Semi-arid steppe type)
The Hot Desert Type (Bwhw) is characterized by which condition in India?
a) Average rainfall 100–120 cm
b) Rainy winters
c) Rainfall less than 12 cm and absent natural vegetation
d) Annual rainfall around 75 cm
Answer: c) Rainfall less than 12 cm and absent natural vegetation
The Cwg climate (Monsoon type with dry winters) is dominant in which geographical regions of India?
a) Eastern Rajasthan, Ganga plains, Northern Madhya Pradesh
b) Western Rajasthan and Gujarat
c) Coromandel Coast
d) Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Answer: a) Eastern Rajasthan, Ganga plains, Northern Madhya Pradesh
The Dfc climate (Cold, humid winter with short summer) is typically found in which Indian states?
a) Rajasthan and Gujarat
b) Kerala and Tamil Nadu
c) Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, and parts of Assam
d) Punjab and Haryana
Answer: c) Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, and parts of Assam
The Et climate (Tundra type) is found in India in which areas?
a) Himalayan mountainous regions of Uttarakhand
b) Thar Desert region
c) Coastal Tamil Nadu
d) Central Ganga plains
Answer: a) Himalayan mountainous regions of Uttarakhand
Which type of climate (Koeppen’s) is found in Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, and Uttarakhand with precipitation mainly as snow?
a) Polar (E type)
b) Steppe (Bshw)
c) Desert (Bwhw)
d) Monsoon with short dry winters (Amw)
Answer: a) Polar (E type)
